Sub.Code: 0041'E'
NEB-GRADE XII 2079 (2022)
Compulsory English
New course
Candidates are required to give their
answers in their own words as far as practicable. The figures in the margin
indicate full marks.
Time: 3 hrs Full Marks: 75
Attempt all the questions
1.
Read the following text and complete
the tasks that follow. 15
Today,
bicycles are elegantly simple machines that are common around the world. Many
people ride bicycles for recreation,
where as others use them as a means of transportation. The first bicycle,
called a draisienne, was invented in Germany in 1818 by Baron Karl de Drais de Sauerbrunn.
Because it was made of wood, the draisienne wasn't very durable nor did it have
pedals Riders moved it by pushing their feet against the ground. In 1839,
Kirkpatrick Macmillan, a Scottish blacksmith, invented a much better bicycle.
Macmillan's machine had tires with iron rims to keep them from getting worn down. He also used
foot-operated cranks, similar to pedals, so his bicycle could be ridden at a
quick pace. It didn't look much like the modern bicycle, though, because its
back wheel was substantially large than its front wheel. Although MacMillan’s
bicycles could be ridden easily, they were never produced in large numbers. In
1861, Frenchman Pierre Michaux and his brother Ernest invented a bicycle with
an improved crank mechanism. They called their bicycle a velocipede, but most
people called it a "bone shaker" because of the jarring effect of the
wood and iron frame. Despite the unflattering nick name, Velocipede was a hit. After
a few years, the Michaux family was making hundreds of the machines annually,
mostly for fun-seeking young people.
Ten years later,
James Starley, an English inventor, made several innovations that revolutionized
bicycle design. He made the front wheel many times larger than the back wheel,
put a gear on the pedals to make the bicycle more efficient, and lightened the
wheels by using wire spokes. Although this bicycle was much lighter and less
tiring to ride, it was still clumsy,
extremely top-heavy, and ridden mostly for entertainment. It wasn't until 1874
that the first truly modern bicycle appeared on the scene. Invented by another Englishman,
H.J.Lawson, the safety bicycle would look familiar to today's cyclists. The
safety bicycle had equal-sized wheels, which made it much less prone to toppling over. Lawson
also attached a chain to the pedals to drive the rear wheel. By 1993, the
safety bicycle had been further improved
with air-filled rubber tires, a diamond shaped frame, and easy braking. With
the improvements provided by Lawson, bicycles became extremely popular and
useful for transportation. Today, they are built, used, and enjoyed all over
the world.
A. Look at the
highlighted words in the text. Complete the following sentences
using them. Two of
them are not necessary.5*1=5
a. The invention
of bicycle improved travel.
b. The invention
of bicycle revolutionized he
way of life.
c. The fields next
to the school are always used for recreation.
d. Unfortunately,
her movements were rather clumsy.
e. The old stone
steps had been worn down by years of use.
B.Read the text
again and write
TRUE if the
statement agrees with the information given in the text..
FALSE if the
statement contradicts the information given in the text
NOT GIVEN if there
is no information in the text.
5x1-5
a. The pedaled
bicycle was first invented in Germany true. False
b. Macmillan's
bicycle resembled today's bicycle. False
c. The alternation
of velocipedes made the life of people much easier. Not Given
d. The changes
made by British inventors altered the wheels to make pedaling
more efficient. True
e. Chain-driven
bicycles were first made in France. False
C. Answer the following questions.
5x1-5
a. How did the
riders move 'draisiene'?
Ans:- The riders move
'draisiene’ by pushing its feet against
the ground .
b. What
improvements were made to the bicycle invented in 1839?
Ans:- The
improvements like use of foot-operated cranks and iron rims were made to the
bicycle invented in 1839.
c. Why do you
think Macmillan used iron rims in his machine?
Ans:- Macmillan used iron rims in his machine to
keep tires from getting worn down.
d. What can be
assumed from the text?
Ans:-
From the text, it can be assumed that invention of bicycle had gone through various processes and
improvements in different time period of time by different inventors.
e. What is the
purpose of the text?
Ans:- The
purpose of the text is to impart knowledge about the history of Invention of
bicycle.
2. Write short answers to the following
questions based on the textbook. 5x2=10
a) What does
'fractured dialogue' mean in the story? (Neighbours)
Ans:- In
the story ‘Neighbours’ Fractured
Dialogue implies to misunderstanding and
miscommunication created among people because of the inability to understand and respond other's people way
of living and their languages.
b) What in your
opinion is the moral of the story 'The Treasure in the Forest' ?
Ans:-
In my opinion, the moral of the story "The Treasure In The Forest' deals
with the consequence of extreme greediness and unplanned tasks. It conveys the
moral lesson of tit for tat, greed leads to destruction and teaches to do
proper planning before initiating any
adventurous tasks.
c) Explain the
following lines with reference to the context: (I Was My Own Route)
At each advancing step on my route
forward.
My back was ripped by the desperate
flapping wings of the old guard.
Ans:- The
lines above mentioned in the task text symbolizes to the real struggle of a
woman that she has done in the
patriarchal society for her rights and freedom. Her journey as a freedom
fighter was very tough and she was every time dominated by the orthodox
mindsets at each advancing step of her
journey.
d) In what way is
marriage an institution? Explain. (Marriage as a Social Institution)
Ans:- Marriage
is an institution in the sense that it connects not only two people but also
two communities having different cultures and backgrounds. It is a valuable
social assets which has its own norms and values and it aims for promoting
social relationships and human life in a better way.
e) What are the
universal human abilities? (Humility)
Ans:- According
to the author Yuval Noah Harari, morality, art, spirituality and creativity are
the universal human abilities that are embedded in our DNA.
Write long answers to the following
questions.
2x5-10
a) How can you say that 'Facing Death'
is a modern tragedy? (Facing Death)
Ans:- By modern
Tragedy, we mean a play dealing with Tragic events and having an unhappy
ending, especially one concerning The downfall of The main character. The play
"Facing Death" is a modern Tragedy as it ends with The Tragic death
of The protagonist Mr. Durand Modern Tragedy deals with realistic
representations and common problems. Realism and naturalism are The main
features of modern play.
The protagonist of
a modern Tragedy is a common man Furthermore, modern Tragedy deals with The
problems of The modern individual such as dysfunctional family relationships,
Socio-cultural problems, loneliness, etc. Characters become Victims of Their
socio-cultural environment, Fate, economic class, gender, external environment,
etc.
Here in This play,
we find the exact features of modern Tragedy. This play has presented the life
of common modern man with an immense crisis in his life. Due to economic
hardships, he has been suffering a lot along with his Three daughters. In the
play, we can easily find problems of bad relationships and poor economic
status. Mr. Durand, a common modern man has suffered a lot due to economic
difficulties. This play also ends with The Tragic downfall of The main
character Mr. Durand. He kills himself and even burns his house for the welfare
of his Three daughters. This play has presented realism as well as naturalism
b) Gabriel Garcia Marquez illustrates
the themes of abuse and cruelty in the story 'An Old Man with Enormous Wings'.
Do you agree or disagree with this statement? Give your opinion with reference
to the context.. (An Old Man with Enormous Wings)
Ans:- Yes, I agree
with This statement. Here, the story's author Gabriel Gracia Marquez
illustrates The Theme of abuse and cruelly by presenting an old weak man with enormous
wings and his plight in Front of many people. Due to old man's strange
appearance, The crowd of people queue in front of Pelayo and Elisenda's house.
The story has examined The human response to Those who are weak, dependent, and
different. The story shows human nature-related curiosity, greed and cruelly.
Here, we find
abuse and cruelly of people who come to watch The old man From different
places. They Try To harass The old man doing various bad deeds. Their curiosity
makes Them do bad things against The old man. As a weak and old guy, The old
man remains motionless inside his coop. But the crowd of people try their best
to disturb him. They prod him with hot iron pokers when They find him inactive.
They try to pull out his feathers to Touch defective parts and Throw stones at
him to make him stand. The miserable old man responds in anger, Flapping his
wings and yelling in his strange language.
Here, The nature
of humans has presented The biller reality that powerful beings always show
Their cruelly and abuse against weak as well as powerless beings.
4. 'Social Media' can have both
positive and negative effects. Write your views on social media in about 150
words.
Social Media And Its impact
The collection of
various social online. platforms where people share their opinions regarding
current issues, have discussion on the recent topics and get socialized
virtually can be defined as 'social media. Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, WhatsApp,
YouTube etc. are the most commonly used social media & in the recent days
the use of different social media applications has increased very rapidly among
people of almost all age groups. It is very certain that 'social media' can
have both positive and negative effects.
Use of social
media can be boon for human progress if it is utilized in proper and right way.
Certainly, there are many advantages that we can easily gain using social media
while dealing with its positive side, the very first thing is that social media
has enabled us to communicate and make connections with people of diverse
thoughts. virtually. It is very much easier to receive all sorts of"
required information and news with the help of social media Likewise, we can
get access to different platforms, seminars, competitions and programs through
social media where we shall have the opportunity to express and enhance
ourselves students will also be benefitted by using social media as they can
update themselves with recent news and can also get virtually connected with
peer and teachers.
on the other hand,
social media hot has its very dark side where people are suffering a lot and
even making society suffer. The use of inappropriate and fake content to gain
the popularity in virtual world has defamed human the dignity of human civilization.
People are misguided about the way of becoming viral and gaining followers in
social media which has ultimately led to various immoral acts. Mostly, teenage
group people have become the victims of improper using of social media. Getting
themselves engaged in virtual world has made people unproductive. and
irresponsible in their field. Due to long exposure to social media, students
have lost their creativity and have developed the habit of following random
trends without Knowing their consequences. This sorts of activities clearly
shows about the negative effects of social media in human life
As a rational
beings, we the humans should always adopt the positive and beneficial aspects
of dhy field by omitting the dark side. The same rule is also applicable in the
context of using social media .
5. Write a letter to the editor of a
national daily newspaper on environmental pollution in about 180 words.
Swargdwari-05, Pyuthan
2079-03-32
To,
The Editor,
The Himalayan
Times,
Kathmandu, Nepal.
Sub:- About the issue of increasing
environmental pollution.
Respected Sir/Madam,
Through the
esteemed columns of your newspaper, I would like to draw the attention about
the burning issue of environmental pollution which is increasing very rapidly
in these recent days. It is very much familiar to everyone to that consequences of environmental pollution
will have serious impacts on human civilization. So, it is very much crucial to
address this issue as soon as possible.
Nowadays,
environment is detoriate very badly due to inhuman activities of humans . Everywhere
land pollution, water pollution and noise pollution are expanding in an
exponential rate. There is no systematic way of disposing sewages. As a result,
they are directly mixed in various water resources. Similarly, the wastage from
factories and excessive use of chemical fertilizers has resulted in excessive water pollution. Similarly,
due to the use of old vehicles, unmanaged urbanization, deforestation and
unsystematic industrialization, air pollution has increased very much. These
things will create lots of adverse effects in near future. Some of the effects
like climate change, untimely rainfall, rapid melting of snow, global warming and
extinction of rare flora and faunas have already started to appear just because
of environmental degradation. If this process continues, certainly there is
going to be scarcity of pure drinking
water and clean air which will make the
survival of living organisms very difficult. So, I strongly believe that its
time for us to awake ourselves and make us responsible and accountable for
increasing environmental pollution. Priority should be given for using renewable
and alternative sources of energy like by solar energy, biomass, wind energy
etc. which will certainly assist in minimizing environmental pollutions. The
general people have felt the carelessness of concerned stakeholders. regarding
environmental sanitation which is also a big issue. Hence, the aforementioned
things should considered so that we can be able to minimize the problem of
environmental pollution.
All the comm
public, concerned authorities and the government need to be very conscious for
controlling environmental pollution. So, I hope you will publish the articles
regarding this issue in your newspaper so that it will create mass awareness
and encourage people for maintaining environmental sanitation.
With Regards,
Bijay regmi
6. Compared to online teaching
and learning, students learn much better with their physical presence in the
classroom. To what extent do you agree with this statement ? Write an essay in
about 300 words expressing your opinion.
Advantages Of Physical Learning System Over
Digital Learning
I fully agree
with the given statement. In comparison to online classes as well as digital
teaching learning environment, the classroom teaching and learning method in
the physical presence of students is far
better. Though online education is becoming
very popular in the recent days, there are certain benefits of classroom
teaching that it simply cannot replace. Research has proved that classroom
teaching not only impacts students but also the teachers.
There are lots
of pros of classroom teaching that
digital or online education will find very hard to replace. Basically, classroom environment is essential to promote
and stimulate collaborative learning Collaborative learning increases a
student's self awareness about how other students learn and enables them To
learn more easily and effectively, Transforming Them into keen learners inside
and beyond classroom. It enhances students' critical Thinking skills. Teaching
in a classroom gives students the opportunity to engage in live discussions in
which They are Forced To use their critical Thinking skills to formulate
opinions or arguments. It also helps in improving social skills. Inside a
classroom, students experience social interactions with peers and establish
rapport with teachers. Helping children develop socially is an important aspect
within the realm of their academic education. The list of distractions in an online classroom
is vast. In a physical classroom, the environment is only suited for learning
and getting to interact with others. But in online classrooms , pupils are in their homes or any other comfortable
place which means that the primary purpose of such environment is not for
learning. They are also not under supervision of teachers.
Classroom
Teaching teaches students how to develop organizational skills, beginning with the
basics, such as arriving to school on Time. In a live classroom, students are
held accountable for being prepared to do school work, which includes having
done their homework the night before, being ready for pop quizzes, turning in
assignments by their due date and being prepared for in-class discussions. In
effect, students learn how to organize their time, prioritize their assignments
and get their homework. Teaching style can
be modified according to the student's issues. Teachers can modify Their
Teaching style based on types of learners in their classroom. The classroom
activities can help visual learner, interactions can help auditory learners,
etc. Teachers can get a clear idea whether students are following what has been
taught or they require further explanation. At the same time, students can get
their doubts clarified immediately before moving ahead in a topic. Classroom
Teaching inculcates conflict resolving skills, presentation skills when it
comes to presenting Their ideas confidently in front of peers, develops team
spirit and teaches them to get along with those from different cultural
backgrounds. Such experiences are valuable in shaping students communication
and listening skills, as well as growing and maturing emotionally. The physical
presence of a teacher keeps students stimulated through the interactive and
interesting activities. This enables students to retain more from what they
have learned during a session.
To sum up, there
are many advantages of classroom teaching in physical presence of the students
over the online teaching system.
7. Do as indicated in the brackets and
rewrite the sentences. 10x1-10
a) The cool breeze
blew smoothly/gently on her
face. (Complete the sentence with an appropriate adverb.)
b)All the
celebrations and parties were called off
because of the tragic
accident. (Put the
correct preposition in the blank.)
c) The food is
really good at that restaurant. They must
(will/can/must/should) have a great chef. (Choose the correct option from the
bracket to complete the sentence.)
d) The master
along with his three servants is
(is/am/are) going to the court. (Choose
the correct verb from the bracket to complete the sentence.)
e) His company is
greatly sought after.
(Complete the sentence using correct
form of the verb
'seek'.)
f) We look forward
to hearing ( hear/hearing)
from you soon. (Choose the correct option from the bracket to complete the
sentence.)
g) Although he is rich, he is
always dressed in rags. (Put a correct conjunction in the blank to complete the
sentence.)
h) He is the man whose (who/whom/whose) son plays
football for Three Star Club. (Choose correct option from the bracket to
complete the sentence.)
i) I want my
students to respect me. (Change into passive.)
I want to be respected by students.
j)Did you hear me?
(Report this with the reporting clause: She asked.……......).
She asked me if I had heard her.
8. Choose and copy the correct answer.
5x1-5
a) Which of the
following words has a different final sound?
(i) cats (correct)
(ii) boys
(iii) girls
(iv) houses
b) The initial
sound in the word 'maple' is transcribed as
(i) /m/ (correct)
(ii)/n/
(iii)/p/
(iv)/s/
c) Prices seem to
.......... every year.
i) raise
(ii) rise (correct)
(iii) raised
(iv) rose
d) The word 'attire'
means.......
i) extremely good
(ii) clothes, especially fine or formal
ones,(correct)
(iii) thin and
easily torn
(iv) clear
e) My car while I
was driving.
(i)broke up
(ii) broke off
(iii)
broke down(correct)
(iv) broke in
Thank You!! Keep Learning
